Journal of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

期刊封面

Journal Title:Journal of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
ISSN:1007-659X
CN:37-1279/R
Sponsor:Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Current Contents

Following Nature,Upholding Virtue,Understanding Mission,Inheriting Legacy——Insights into Scholarship,Medical Practice,Teaching and Research
ZHAO Jinxi;Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine;
As an outstanding participant of the first National Advanced Training Program for Excellent Clinical Talents of Chinese Medicine,ZHAO Jinxi has strictly followed the teachings of his mentors and pursued academic learning with sincerity and diligence. He studied under renowned masters including HUANG Wenzheng,WANG Yongyan and L?? Renhe,and also inherited the academic thoughts of LIU Duzhou and LI Keshao through self-study. Moreover,he is a successor to SHI Jinmo,one of the Four Great Famous Doctors in Beijing,and an academic heir of professor L?? Renhe,a National Master of Chinese Medicine. In academic research,he upholds the academic thoughts of ZHANG Zhongjing and extensively learns from various medical schools. He advocates the academic philosophy of “inheritance,learning,practice and innovation”,and puts forward the three theories of cold damage,namely the system theory of three-yin and three-yang,the constitution theory of three-yin and three-yang,and the syndrome differentiation and formula-syndrome theory of three-yin and three-yang. In clinical practice,he emphasizes the principle that “the six meridians govern all diseases”,and specializes in treating diabetes mellitus(DM) and its complications,chronic kidney diseases,as well as intractable diseases in internal medicine,gynecology and pediatrics. He is the initiator of the “trinity” diagnosis and treatment model for constitution differentiation,disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation based on the three-yin and three-yang theory,and stresses the importance of distinguishing constitution,adhering to pathogenesis,identifying formula-syndrome correlation,recognizing abdominal symptoms and selecting effective medicinal herbs. In teaching,he highlights the integration of classic theories and clinical practice,and attaches great importance to cultivating students' clinical thinking ability. He proposes the lifelong learning concept of “learning,practicing,applying,comprehending and gaining wisdom”,and abides by the principles of “following nature,upholding virtue,understanding mission,inheriting legacy”. In scientific research,he emphasizes serving clinical practice and contributing to teaching,and has formulated the Diagnostic Criteria for Deficiency and Excess Syndrome in Specimens of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications,and other standards.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2181K]

Dissemination of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Vietnam During Ming and Qing Dynasties and Its Practical Enlightenment
KONG Ranran;CHEN Zhan;Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
China and Vietnam are geographically adjacent,culturally similar and literally interlinked,which provides convenient conditions for the dissemination of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in Vietnam. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,especially since ZHENG He's voyages,the spread of TCM in Vietnam and mutual communication were unprecedented. The trade of Chinese medicinal materials under the tributary policy was relatively active during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,becoming an important part of Sino-Vietnamese trade exchanges. The thought of syndrome differentiation and treatment,the techniques of acupuncture and moxibustion,and the theory of warm diseases of TCM have been inherited and developed in Vietnam,forming diagnostic and treatment methods and the thought of medication adapted to such factors as Vietnam's climate. Under the influence of the Ming and Qing governments,Vietnam's medical and health system was continuously improved,and TCM became an important part of Vietnam's medical education. TCM classics have exerted a profound influence on Vietnam's traditional medical thoughts and the way of recording medicines. This not only promoted the cultural exchange of TCM and improved Vietnam's medical theoretical system,but also provided references for the multimodal international dissemination of TCM in today's top-level design,communication paths,cultural identity and international education models.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2055K]

Differentiation and Treatment of Sarcopenia in the Elderly Based on Theory of “Deficiency of Defense Qi and Emaciation of Muscles” in Huangdi's Canon of Internal Medicine
LI Xuejun;SHAO Linlin;TANG Saixue;YU cheng;LI Jiajing;HU Chunyu;WANG Jin;DING Yuanqing;Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
Sarcopenia in the elderly is a geriatric syndrome primarily characterized by progressive muscle loss and increased physical frailty,resulting from age-related decline in bodily function and often complicated by multiple chronic conditions. This article is based on the theory of nutrient-defense in Huangdi's Canon of Internal Medicine,which states that the harmony of Zang-Fu organs and the smooth flow of nutrientdefense qi are important guarantees for muscle fullness and strength. Based on this,we propose that “deficiency of defense qi and emaciation of muscles” is the core pathogenesis of sarcopenia in the elderly. The pathogenesis of this disease often evolves with age,physical imbalance,and the onset of chronic diseases. Spleen deficiency with impaired transformation,deficiency of defense qi with failure in nourishment,and muscle loss are not only the pathogenic basis of sarcopenia in the elderly,but also run through the entire process of the disease,serving as the core of syndrome differentiation and treatment. The superposition of chronic diseases,deficiency of defense qi,and internal accumulation of pathogenic factors lead to physical decline and emaciation of muscles. The key to the development of diseases is the decline of spleen and kidneys,deficiency of defense qi and essence,reduction of physical fitness,and mental exhaustion. The treatment of this disease focuses on nourishing nutrient-defense qi,strengthening muscles,emphasizes the importance of invigorating spleen and stomach,and proposes using Zhigancao Decoction(炙甘草汤) as the basic formula to regulate defense qi and strengthen the foundation. According to the changes in the pathogenesis,the methods of reinforcing healthy qi to eliminate pathogenic factors and regulating nutrient-defense qi,as well as tonifying kidney and invigorating spleen,regulating defense qi and activating yang are adopted respectively.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2205K]

Influence of Evolution of Traditional Philosophical Theory of Emotions on Construction of Theory of Emotions and Minds
WANG Zhe;LI Liangsong;WEI Sheng;School of Chinese Classics,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine;Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Brain Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
In archaic Chinese,the characters Qing(emotion) and Zhi(mind) each have their original meanings. The definition and classification of seven emotions and five minds endow the two characters with medical connotations,and the combination of emotions and minds marks the completion of the construction of theory of emotions and minds in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). Carefully examining the occurrence and development of the separation,combination and evolution of emotions and minds,a main thread that runs through it is the evolution of traditional philosophical theory of emotions. The collapse of rituals and moral decay led to the concealment of minds and the manifestation of emotions,laying the foundation for the primitive theory of emotions. Through the philosophical alternations of original emotion theory,moderate emotion theory,heavenly emotion theory,principlegoverned emotion theory and emotion-to-nature theory,emotions and minds were integrated into a unified concept,which has become a special term for analyzing the relationship between human emotional experiences and diseases. Exploring the genetic implications of the construction of theory of emotions and minds from the perspective of history of philosophy offers insights from ancient sages and enlightens the clinical diagnosis and treatment of emotional disorders in the present day.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2044K]

Analysis of Characteristic of “Balance” in Categorized Formulas of Jiajian Zhengqi Powder(加减正气散)
SHAN Yanran;ZHANG Wenjing;ZHANG Yuemin;GU Xiaohong;YU He;College of Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine;
Five categorized formulas of Jiajian Zhengqi Powder(加减正气散) are derived from Systematic Differentiation of Warm Diseases,and originated from Huoxiang Zhengqi Powder(藿香正气散). Focusing on regulating qi movement and balancing the middle energizer,they are indicated for treating spleen-stomach disorders caused by damp stagnation in the triple energizer and internal retention of turbid dampness. Among them,the First Jiajian Zhengqi Powder uses the acrid-bitter and slightly cold method,and is mainly indicated for spleen-stomach discomfort due to dampness and qi stagnation. The Second Jiajian Zhengqi Powder adopts the acrid-bitter and bland method,targeting syndrome of dampness obstructing meridians and emphasizing on clearing dampness from the exterior,interior and meridians. The Third Jiajian Zhengqi Powder applies the acrid-bitter and cold method,for treating damp-heat syndrome of the middle energizer with dampness prevailing over heat. The Fourth and Fifth Jiajian Zhengqi Powders use the acrid-bitter and warm method,and are mainly indicated for damp-cold syndrome of the middle energizer. The composition of these formulas highlights the characteristic of “balance”,focusing on the balance of ascending and descending of qi movement,cold and warm properties of medicinal herbs,dredging and tonifying,as well as warming and clearing in therapeutic methods. Clinically,their application can be extended to exogenous diseases such as exogenous summer-dampness and pestilence,and internal miscellaneous diseases complicated with damp-heat syndrome of the middle energizer.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2141K]

Thoughts on Acupuncture and Moxibustion Regulating Kidney-Tiangui-Thoroughfare and Conception Vessels-Uterus Axis for Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
WANG Ruibo;CHEN Sheng;SUN Tongwei;YANG Chao;Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine;
This paper sorts out Professor ZHAO Jiping's diagnosis and treatment thoughts on polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) with acupuncture and moxibustion. Centering on the disease and syndrome characteristics of PCOS,this study analyzes the multi-dimensional disease locations of the disease,and holds that the dysfunction of the kidney-Tiangui-thoroughfare and conception vessels-uterus axis is the root cause of the complex symptoms of PCOS,involving the uterus,liver,spleen,kidney as well as the thoroughfare vessel(TV) and conception vessel(CV). The core pathogenesis of the disease is kidney deficiency,liver depression and spleen weakness,unsmooth circulation of qi and blood in TV and CV,and accumulation of dampness and blood stasis in the uterus. Based on this,the basic therapeutic principles are established as tonifying kidney,soothing liver and invigorating spleen to consolidate the foundation of the axis,dredging and regulating TV and CV to relieve the stagnation of the axis,and eliminating dampness and removing blood stasis to expel pathogenic factors of the axis. In clinical practice,great attention is paid to the diagnosis and examination of meridians and acupoints,and the decline and preponderance of Zang-Fu organs,abundance and deficiency of meridians,and complicated pathogenic factors are identified through the combination of the four diagnostic methods. Acupoint selection for acupuncture and moxibustion focuses on three aspects of regulation.(1)Consolidating the foundation of the axis:Selecting the Back-Shu Points and Yuan-Source Points of liver,spleen and kidney to tonify kidney,soothe liver and invigorate spleen;(2)Relieving the stagnation of the axis:Selecting acupoints of CV and spleen meridian of foot-Taiyin to dredge and regulate TV and CV;(3)Clearing pathogenic factors of the axis:Selecting acupoints in the lower abdomen and lumbosacral region such as Zigong(EX-CA1),Zhongliao(BL33) and Ciliao(BL32) to eliminate dampness and remove blood stasis. Meanwhile,the combined application of multiple therapies such as reinforcing and reducing manipulations of filiform needle,moxibustion and electroacupuncture is emphasized. A diagnosis and treatment framework of “disease location stratification-pathogenesis correspondence-precise acupoint selection and manipulation” has been established,which provides a reference scheme for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PCOS with acupuncture and moxibustion.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2154K]

Precancerous Lesions of Gastric Cancer Based on “Promoting Fluid Flow to Moisten Dryness”
LI Xiaofeng;LI Yu;MA Liang;ZHANG Yang;Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine;First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine;
“Promoting fluid flow to moistening dryness” is an academic thought proposed by LIU Wansu based on his theories of etiology and pathogenesis of the six qi and the Xuanfu qi-fluid,which was further refined by ZHANG Congzheng and later physicians,gradually enriching its connotations. “Promoting fluid flow to moistening dryness” aligns with the physiological characteristics and pathological evolution of spleen and stomach,known as “mutual restraint and coordination of dryness and dampness”. Taking this as the core entry point,this paper systematically reviews its theoretical origins and academic context. Furthermore,by integrating the physiological basis of “spleen dampness and stomach dryness” with the core pathogenesis of “qi-yin deficiency” in the precancerous lesions of gastric cancer(PLGC),the authors elaborate on thepathogenic evolution of PLGC. This paper posits that the internal binding of dryheat can induce stagnation and blockage of Xuanfu,causing accumulation of qi and fluid,and then scorching body fluids,transforming into dampness and phlegm. Dysfunction of spleen and stomach in transporting and transforming disrupts distribution of body fluids and qi movement. Deficiency of body fluids fails to nourish the body,exacerbating stomach dryness. Ultimately,the mutual intermingling of internally retained damp-turbidity and excessive dry-heat promotes the generation of cancer toxin.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2088K]

Analysis of YE Tianshi's Theory of “Pathogens Lingering in Triple Energizer”
LI Yiqing;YAN Manrou;MA Xiaobei;Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences;Graduate School,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences;
YE Tianshi put forward the viewpoint that “pathogens of qi aspect do not transmit to blood aspect but linger in the triple energizer” in the Treatise on Warm-Heat Diseases,which reveals the special pathogenesis of pathogens lingering in the triple energizer during the course of warm diseases. Pathogens of dampness,heat,and dampness-heat can all linger in the triple energizer,leading to stagnation of qi movement and disorder of water metabolism. In view of the properties of different pathogenic factors and the disease locations in the triple energizer,YE Tianshi established the corresponding regularities of syndrome differentiation and treatment. For dampness syndrome,he advocated respectively expelling pathogens from the triple energizer :urgent dispersion of the upper energizer for the upper energizer;regulating qi and resolving dampness for the middle energizer;draining dampness with bland herbs for the lower energizer. For heat syndrome,he focused on clearing heat with bitter and cold herbs combined with expelling filth with aroma. For the dampnessheat syndrome,he treated the disease by differentiating the three energizers respectively:mild formulas for clearing and resolving pathogenic factors in the upper energizer,the therapy of bitter,pungent and cold herbs for the middle energizer,and draining dampness with bland and slight pungent herbs for the lower energizer. He also emphasized the simultaneous consideration of qi and blood to block the transmission and transformation of the disease. The therapeutic system of “respectively expelling pathogens” founded by YE Tianshi has important guiding value for the modern clinical diagnosis and treatment of complex syndromes such as dampness-heat and summer-dampness.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2060K]

Characteristics of Treating BI Disease in Case Records as a Guide to Clinical Practice
WANG Lanlan;WANG Xiudie;XU Xia;School of Chinese Medicine,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine;
Case Records as a Guide to Clinical Practice is a concentrated embodiment of the academic thoughts of YE Tianshi,a renowned physician in the Qing Dynasty. Several medical cases in the bi disease chapter of this book hit the nail on the head and feature distinctive approaches to treating bi disease. He creatively put forward many new viewpoints on the treatment of bi disease,such as “bi disease caused by internal stirring of wind-qi” and “promoting dredging is the priority for diseases located in the meridians,and dredging serves as the fundamental therapy for diseases located in the collaterals”. In differentiating bi disease,he attached importance to the integration of multiple methods,comprehensively applying the theories of defense-qi-nutrient-blood in warm diseases,syndrome differentiation based on extraordinary meridians,and chronic disease entering the collaterals to the diagnosis and treatment of bi disease. In terms of treatment,he established the fundamental principle of “dredging”,advocating emergent elimi??nation of acute pathogenic factors and mild purgation of chronic pathogenic factors. He combined Huangqi(Astragali Radix) with Baizhu(Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) and proposed the selection of herbs according to different meridians. YE Tianshi's experience and characteristics in treating bi disease have a profound influence on the development of bi disease theory and are worthy of in-depth study by later generations.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2074K]

Pathogenesis and Treatment of Vascular Dementia Based on Theory of “Turbid Pathogen Impairing Lucidity”
LIU Qiqi;ZHANG Hao;JIANG Xicheng;LI Hao;HU Shuaihang;SUN Jiagui;Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine;Guang'anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences;
Vascular dementia(VD) is a common type of senile dementia that exerts adverse effects on patients' cognitive function and quality of life. Accumulation of turbid pathogen and poor blood circulation can lead to insufficient cerebral blood supply and memory impairment. Due to the complex and diverse etiology and pathogenesis of VD,involving pathological factors such as atherosclerosis,thromboembolism,small vessel lesions,and abnormal blood oxygen status,the theory of “turbid pathogen impairing lucidity”,which is based on the holistic concept,is consistent with the pathological characteristics of VD,and this theory is the core pathogenesis of VD. The root cause of cerebral collaterals stasis lies in kidney,and deficiency of kidney essence leads to insufficient qi transformation and poor blood circulation,thereby inducing blood stasis;the endogenous turbid pathogen results in deficiency and excess in complexity,with kidney deficiency and phlegm-stasis interacting with each other;long-term accumulation of turbid pathogen transforms into toxin,causing obstruction of Xuanfu and disorders in the circulation of qi,blood,and body fluids,which exacerbates cerebral orifice injury. Treatment should be carried out in stages:at the initial stage,the principle is to expel pathogens and strengthen healthy qi,addressing both the root cause and symptoms,with methods such as tonifying kidney to cultivate healthy qi,dissipating stasis and resolving turbid pathogen,and eliminating phlegm and dampness;in the advanced stage,the core therapeutic methods are clearing heat and removing toxin,resolving turbid pathogen and ascending lucidity.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2152K]

Effect of Yiyi Fuzi Baijiang Powder(薏苡附子败酱散) on Ferroptosis of Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Model Rats with UC Based on System xc/GSH/GPX4 Signaling Pathway
LEI Yang;ZHU Chaolun;MENG Lingfei;ZHAO Zixu;ZHANG Shuangxi;First Clinical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine;First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine;
Objective:To investigate the effect of Yiyi Fuzi Baijiang Powder(薏苡附子败酱散) on ferroptosis in the colonic tissues of model rats with ulcerative colitis(UC) by regulating the cystine-glutamate transporter system/glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4(System xc/GSH/GPX4) signaling pathway. Methods:Total 60 SD rats were randomly divided into a model group,a Yiyi Fuzi Baijiang Powder group,and a mesalazine group,with 20 rats in each group. The UC model was induced by enema with a combination of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid(TNBS)/ethanol,and another 20 rats were used as the blank group. From the day after model establishment,the blank group and the model group were given an equal volume of normal saline by gavage,while the Yiyi Fuzi Baijiang Powder group(6.00 g/kg) and the mesalazine group(0.35 g/kg) were given the corresponding drugs by gavage,once a day for 14 consecutive days. The general conditions of the rats such as body weight and feces were recorded daily. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to observe the morphological changes of colonic tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was adopted to detect the serum contents of interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-10 and IL-17. Biochemical detection was used to measure the GSH content in colonic tissues. Colorimetry was employed to detect the Fe2 + level in colonic tissue homogenate. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) was used to determine the mRNA expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2(PTGS2),solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11) and GPX4 in rat colonic tissues. Western blot(WB) was used to detect the protein expression levels of PTGS2,SLC7A11 and GPX4 in colonic tissues. Results :Compared with the model group,the increased value of body weight was elevated in the Yiyi Fuzi Baijiang Powder group(P<0.05),while the disease activity index(DAI) score and colon mucosa damage index(CMDI) score were decreased(P<0.05). The serum contents of IL-1β and IL-17 were reduced(P<0.05),and the IL-10 content was increased(P<0.05). The pathological damage of colonic tissues was significantly alleviated. The GSH content in colonic tissues was increased(P<0.05),and the Fe2 + level in colonic tissue homogenate was decreased(P < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4 were up-regulated(P < 0.05),and the PTGS2 mRNA expression level was down-regulated(P<0.05). The protein expression levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4 were increased(P<0.05),and the PTGS2 protein expression level was decreased(P<0.05). Conclusions:Yiyi Fuzi Baijiang Powder may inhibit ferroptosis in colonic tissues by regulating the System xc/GSH/GPX4 signaling pathway,thereby alleviating colonic mucosal damage in model rats with UC.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2319K]

Effect of Jinjihuashi Granules(金鸡化石颗粒) on Renal Oxidative Stress and AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Model Mice with Calcium Oxalate Nephrolithiasis
NIU Yuhan;ZHAO Yicong;JU Xiaowei;LI Yuan;CHEN Suzhi;REN Meifang;LI Yongzhang;TAN Jinchuan;YANG Fengwen;Graduate School,Hebei University of Chinese Medicine;Hebei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine;
Objective:To investigate the mechanism of Jinji Huashi Granules(金鸡化石颗粒) in improving calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in mice based on the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) signaling pathway. Methods:A total of sixty male C57 BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a normal group,a model group,a potassium sodium hydrogen citrate granules group,and low-,medium-,high-dose groups of Jinji Huashi Granules,with 10 mice in each group. Except for the normal group,the other 50 mice were injected with glyoxylic acid to establish the calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis model. The normal and model group were given distilled water by gavage,while the group of potassium sodium hydrogen citrate granules(1.58 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) and the low-,medium-,high-dose groups of Jinji Huashi Granules(9.43,18.85,and 37.70 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) were administered the corresponding drugs by gavage,once a day for 2 consecutive weeks. The serum levels of serum creatinine(Scr) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) in mice were detected after the last administration. Von Kossa staining was used to assess renal crystal deposition in mice. Hematoxycin-eosin(HE) staining was performed to observe the renal pathological changes. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL) was adopted to assess apoptosis in renal tissue cell. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect the expression levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipid carrier protein(NGAL) and kidney injury molecule 1(Kim-1). Immunohistochemistry(IHC) was used to detect the expression levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),osteopontin(OPN) and cell differentiation antigen 44(CD44) in the kidneys of mice. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of AMPK,phosphorylation(p)-AMPK,Nrf2,HO-1,OPN and CD44. Results:Compared with the normal group,the renal pathological damage in the model group was severe,the number of crystal accumulation,renal tissue cell apoptosis,urinary levels of NGAL,Kim-1 and serum levels of Scr and BUN were increased(P<0.01),the expression levels of MDA,IL-6,MCP-1,OPN and CD44 in the kidneys of mice were increased(P<0.01),and the expression levels of SOD,p-AMPK/AMPK,Nrf2 and HO-1 were decreased(P<0.01). Compared with the model group,the group of all dose groups of Jinji Huashi Granules and potassium sodium hydrogen citrate granules exhibited reduction in the number of renal calcium oxalate crystal deposits,the number of renal tissue cell apoptosis,the urinary levels of NGAL and Kim-1,and the serum levels of Scr and BUN(P<0.01). The renal pathological damage was significantly alleviated,the expression levels of MDA,IL-6,MCP-1,OPN and CD44 in the kidneys of mice were decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the expression levels of SOD,p-AMPK/AMPK,Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion:Jinjihuashi Granules may inhibit the formation of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis by activating the AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway to improve renal oxidative stress and alleviate crystalline kidney injury.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2644K]

Effect of Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction(加味补阳还五汤) Against Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Its Regulation of Lipid Metabolism
ZHANG Yan;ZHANG Jialu;WANG Boyang;ZANG Guodong;DU Xiaolei;XU Yixin;ZHANG Huimin;College of Pharmacy,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Shandong Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences;Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction(加味补阳还五汤) on rats with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF),and to search for differential lipid metabolites in the serum and lung tissues of IPF model rats. Methods:Total 32 SPF-grade male SD rats were randomly divided into the blank group,model group,pirfenidone group and group of Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction,with 8 rats in each group. The rat model of IPF was established by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin. After successful modeling,each drug administration group was given the corresponding drugs by gavage,while the blank group and model group were given an equal volume of normal saline for continuous intervention for 4 weeks. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was adopted to detect the levels of interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-6 in serum. Western blot(WB) was used to determine the protein expressions of collagen type Ⅰ(collagen-1) and fibronectin in lung tissues. Lipidomics was employed to screen the differential lipid metabolites in serum and lung tissues. Results:Compared with the model group,Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction alleviated the thickening of alveolar septa,reduced inflammatory cell infiltration,improved alveolar structure and decreased collagen fiber formation in rats. The levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in serum of the group of Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction were significantly lower than those of the model group(P<0.05). The protein expressions of collagen-1 and fibronectin in lung tissues of the group of Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction were down-regulated compared with the model group(P<0.05). Lipidomic results showed that compared with the blank group,the levels of diacylglycerol(DG,O-15:1/16:0),DG(O-5:0/16:0),DG(P-4:0/19:0),monoacylglycerol(MG,P-15:2),sphingosine(SPH,d14:0),SPH(d15:0) and SPH(d18:0) in the serum of the model group were up-regulated(P<0.05). All the above metabolites were reversed after the administration of Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction,among which DG(O-5:0/16:0),MG(P-15:2),SPH(d15:0) and SPH(d18:0) were significantly reversed(P<0.05). Compared with the blank group,the levels of phosphatidylethanolamine(PE,16:1/20:5),PE(18:2/18:3),PE(O-20:3/22:4) and phosphatidylserine(PS,16:0/22:6) in the lung tissues of the model group were up-regulated(P<0.05),while the levels of phosphatidylcholine(PC,16:1),phosphatidylinositol(PI,O-41:10) and PI(P-41:9) were down-regulated(P<0.05). All the above metabolites were reversed after administration of Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction,among which PS(16:0/22:6),PI(O-41:10),PI(P-41:9) and PE(18:2/18:3) were significantly reversed(P<0.05). Conclusions:Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction can effectively improve lung function of bleomycin-induced IPF model rats. The mechanism may be achieved by reducing levels of IL-1β and IL-6,inhibiting protein expression of collagen-1 and fibronectin,and regulating the metabolites related to glycerides,sphingolipids,and glycerophospholipids.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2777K]

Evaluation of Blood-Activating and Stasis-Resolving Efficacy of Danshen(Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) from Different Producing Areas Based on Zebrafish Models
LIU Yue;WANG Ying;DING Xiaoyan;GAO Yan;YANG Longfei;HAN Liwen;FU Chunsheng;ZHAO Bonian;Institute of Pharmacy,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Department of Pharmacy,Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine;School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Shandong First Medical University;
Objective:To evaluate the activating blood and resolving stasis efficacy of Danshen(Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) from different producing areas from three aspects :anti-inflammation,pro-angiogenesis and cardioprotection by using the different zebrafish models. Methods:Zebrafish models of inflammation,vascular injury and cardiac injury were established,and were intervened with Danshen extracts from different producing areas. The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by the anti-inflammatory relative improvement rate,the pro-angiogenic effect by the relative vascular growth rate,and the cardioprotective effect by the relative repair rate of cardiac injury. The entropy weight method was used to assign weights to the three pharmacodynamic indicators,and the comprehensive pharmacodynamic indicator was calculated. Results:All 60 batches of Danshen from six producing areas exhibited anti-inflammatory,pro-angiogenic and cardioprotective effects. Among them,the average comprehensive pharmacodynamic indicator of Danshen from Pingyi in Shandong was significantly higher than that from Bozhou in Anhui,Xingtang in Hebei,Yuncheng in Shanxi,and Zhongjiang in Sichuan(P<0.05). The average comprehensive pharmacodynamic indicator of Danshen from Pei County in Jiangsu was also significantly higher than that from Bozhou in Anhui(P<0.05). Conclusions:Danshen from all six producing areas shows certain activities in anti-inflammation,pro-angiogenesis and repairing injured heart. However,the activating blood and resolving stasis efficacy reflected by these three pharmacological effects varies among different producing areas. This efficacy-oriented quality evaluation method can more accurately reflect the intrinsic quality of Danshen and make the quality evaluation system of Danshen more comprehensive and scientific.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2537K]

Textual Research on Statement of “Also Indicated for Chronic Diarrhea” of Wumei Pill(乌梅丸) in Song Version of Treatise on Cold Damage
ZHANG Yao;LI Zhiming;ZHAO Caihong;CHEN Meng;Beijing University of Chinese Medicine;Ningxia Medical University;
At the end of the clause on Wumei Pill(乌梅丸) in the Jueyin Disease chapter of the Song Edition of Treatise on Cold Damage,it is stated that “Worm reversal can be treated by Wumei Pill,which can also be indicated for chronic diarrhea”. Physicians of successive dynasties have mostly focused on the pathogenesis of “chronic diarrhea”,the formulation rationale and clinical application of Wumei Pill,while few have conducted textual research on the authenticity and origin of this statement. Combined with textual content and bibliological research,the expression style of “also indicated for chronic diarrhea” is inconsistent with the original text of ZHANG Zhongjing. The corresponding main clauses in the Jade Case Classic of Golden Cabinet,the Tang Edition of Treatise on Cold Damage and the Kangping Edition of Treatise on Cold Damage all lack this statement,and it is also absent from the subheadings of the Song Edition of Treatise on Cold Damage. Therefore,the statement “also indicated for chronic diarrhea” in Treatise on Cold Damage is probably a scholium. Valuable Prescriptions for Emergencies and Arcane Essentials from the Imperial Library each record a prescription consistent with Wumei Pill in Treatise on Cold Damage in composition and indicated for chronic dysentery. The Imperial Medical Editing Bureau of the Northern Song Dynasty may have collated the relevant contents and appended “also indicated for chronic diarrhea” to the end of the Wumei Pill clause as a scholium,which was later mistakenly incorporated into the main text. In addition,the notion of “also indicated for chronic diarrhea” may be the extended application and empirical summary of Wumei Pill by physicians in the Jin and Tang Dynasties.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 1904K]

Japanese Kampo Annotation Scholar Okamoto Ippo and His Academic Achievements
ZHANG Yuyan;LU Xiang;School of Chinese Medicine,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine;
Okamoto Ippo was a renowned Kampo physician in the Edo period of Japan,and also the most prominent annotation scholar of that era. He translated and annotated a large number of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) works,which played an extremely important role in the popularization and localization of TCM in Japan. Okamoto Ippo promoted the theory of the fourteen meridians to become the orthodox theory of meridians in Japan,initiated the research on the annotation and translation of Compendium of Materia Medica,and put forward a new insight on the theory of Ashi point that “all acupoints at the naturally responsive positions are Ashi points”. Studying his life experience and academic achievements has important reference value for exploring the process of acceptance,translation and recreation of TCM in a cross-cultural context,as well as the overseas development of TCM.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2179K]

Study on CHEN Shiduo's Academic Thoughts on Diagnosing and Treating Jaundice Based on Qi Transformation of Zang-Fu Organs
ZHANG Saiwen;WANG Lei;School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;GUO Aichun Institute of Medical History and Literature,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
On the basis of inheriting the predecessors' thoughts of diagnosing and treating jaundice by syndrome differentiation of Zang-Fu organs,CHEN Shiduo took the “Ten Jaundice” system in Records of Syndrome Differentiation:Chapter of Five Jaundices as the core,expanded the disease location of jaundice from the spleen,stomach,liver and gallbladder to the lung,heart,bladder and other Zang-Fu organs,and enriched the jaundice syndrome differentiation system with Zang-Fu organs as the outline. He focused on elaborating the core pathogenesis of jaundice as deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality:the root cause lies in the hypofunction of the heart,lung,spleen,stomach,liver,gallbladder,kidney and bladder,while the superficial symptom is the inter??mingling of dampness,heat and cold pathogens caused by disordered qi transformation of the triple energizer. He emphasized the important influence of the qi transformation of Zang-Fu organs on the ascending and descending of qi movement and the metabolism of body fluids. In terms of treatment,he attached great importance to regulating qi transformation of Zang-Fu organs,and restored the ascending and descending of qi movement through therapeutic methods such as ventilating lung qi to activate the upper source,respectively expelling pathogens and warming yang to induce diuresis. His medication was inclined to tonifying and warming,taking “protecting stomach and preserving body fluids,avoiding drastic purgative agents” as the essential principle. He commonly used the herb pairs of Baizhu(Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) and Fuling(Poria) to invigorate spleen and drain dampness,and Baishao(Paeoniae Radix Alba) and Zhizi(Gardenia Fructus) to soothe liver and normalize the function of gallbladder. CHEN Shiduo's academic thoughts broke through the traditional framework of diagnosis and treatment,and provided the theoretical basis and practical paradigm of syndrome differentiation based on Zang-Fu organs for the reconstruction of the modern diagnosis and treatment system of jaundice.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2135K]

Study on Epidemic Prevalence and Prevention-Treatment in the Republic of China Based on Mainstay Monthly Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine
WANG Xiaolin;CHEN Ting;School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Capital Medical University;
Mainstay Monthly Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine was founded in Beiping(present-day Beijing) in 1937 and ceased publication in December 1948,being the journal with the longest publication period and the most far-reaching influence during the Republican period of China. Based on the epidemicrelated literature recorded in this journal,this study systematically sorts out the disease spectrum,spatio??temporal distribution,prevalence causes,social impacts and response measures of epidemics during the Republican period of China. The study found that dysentery was the most prominent epidemic disease at that time. Hebei Province and the southeast coastal areas were the severe epidemic-stricken regions. The prevalence of epidemics was jointly affected by both natural and social factors. The social response system remained underdeveloped and incomplete. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) occupied a dominant position in epidemic prevention and treatment,and presented an academic tendency of “prioritizing TCM while drawing on Western medicine”.This study not only enriches the research perspective of disease history of the Republic of China,but also provides historical references and TCM wisdom for the prevention and treatment of contemporary epidemics.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2157K]

Research Progress on Role of Autophagy in Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease and Intervention of Chinese Medicinals
SHI Fengqing;MENG Qingliang;WANG Yichen;ZUO Zhiwei;SHENG Junlong;GUO Kelei;BIAN Hua;College of Orthopedics and Traumatology,Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing's Prescriptions and Immunomodulation,Nanyang Institute of Technology;
Systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease(SSc-ILD) is one of the common and poor-prognosis complications of systemic sclerosis(SSc),characterized by inflammatory immune disorder,structural destruction of lung tissue and pulmonary interstitial fibrosis,which seriously endangers patients' life and health. Autophagy is a process by which eukaryotic cells maintain homeostasis through degrading and recycling intracellular components,which has been proven to be involved in the pathogenesis of SSc-ILD and exert a dual regulatory effect of promoting or inhibiting fibrosis. This paper summarizes the core pathological mechanisms of autophagy-mediated SSc-ILD,including alveolar epithelial cell injury,vascular dysfunction,excessive activation of fibroblasts,and immune inflammatory response. It is found that the active components of Chinese medicinals such as saponins and terpenoids,as well as Chinese compound formulas for activating blood circulation to remove stasis and warming yang to dredge collaterals,can regulate autophagic activity through key signaling pathways including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(PI3K/AKT/mTOR) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/BCL2 interacting protein 3/PTEN-induced putative kinase 1/E3 ubiquitin ligase(HIF-1α/BNIP3/PINK1/Parkin),thus synergistically intervening in the above pathological processes. Total 52 references are cited.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2173K]

Research Overview on Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment of Post-Infectious Cough
FAN Yuwei;ZHANG Jicheng;XIAO Wei;HUANG Qingsong;Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;
Post-infectious cough(PIC),a subacute condition characterized by persistent coughing lasting 3 to 8 weeks following the resolution of acute respiratory infection,severely impairs patients' quality of life. This paper systematically reviews the research advances in integrated Chinese and Western medicine for PIC from 2020 to 2025,aiming to integrate the latest insights into the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of PIC in Western and Chinese medicine. The pathogenesis of PIC involves a “neuro-immune-inflammatory” network,encompassing the sensitization of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)/transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1) channels,neurogenic inflammation,and immune cell activation. In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),PIC is categorized as “wind cough”,with its core pathogenesis attributed to “wind pathogen lingering in the lung and stagnation of collaterals”. TCM regulates the transient receptor potential(TRP) channels,phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/PKB) and other key signaling pathways through multi-targets to improve cough hypersensitivity. TCM external therapies exert a synergistic effect via the neuro-endocrine-immune network,and the integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment shows a synergistic and potentiating advantage. In the future,it is necessary to develop objective biomarkers and establish an individualized diagnosis and treatment system. Total 59 references are cited in this review.
2026 02 v.50;No.279 [Abstract][OnlineView][Download 2251K]

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